Citrus Pests

Pests of National Significance

Insect pests

• Aphid: Toxoptera aurantii (Boyer de Fonscolombe) (Homoptera: Aphididae)
• Citrus psylla: Diaphorina citri (Kuwayama) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)
• Citrus leaf miner: Phyllocnistis citrella (Stainton) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)
• Mealybug : Planococcus citri (Risso) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)
• Fruit sucking moth: Eudocima fullonica, E. materna (Clerck) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
• Citrus/Lemon butterfly: Papilio demoleus, P. polytes (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)

Diseases

• Gummosis: Phytophthora spp.
• Fruit rot: Phytophthora palmivora (Butler)
• Anthracnose: Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
• Scab: Elsinoe fawcettii (Bitanc & Jenkins)
• Sooty mould: Capnodium citri (Berk and Desm), Meliola butleri (Briosi and Pass)
• Citrus canker: Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Hasse)
• Tristeza: Citrus Tristeza Virus
• Greening: Candidatus liberibacter (Jagoueix)

Nematodes

• Citrus nematode: Tylenchulus semipenetrans (Cobb) (Tylenchida: Tylenchulidae)
• Lance nematode: Hoplolaimus indicus (Sher) (Tylenchida: Haplolaimidae)
• Lesion nematode: Pratylenchus coff ee (Goodey) (Tylenchida: Pratyleanchidae)

Weeds

• Tropical spiderwort: Commelina benghalensis L. (Commelinaceae)
• Swine cress: Coronopus didymus (L.) Sm. (Brassicaceae)
• Horse purslane: Trianthema portulacastrum L. (Aizoaceae)
• Black nightshade: Solanum nigrum L. (Solanaceae)
• False amaranth: Digera arvensis Forssk. (Amaranthaceae)
• Puncture vine: Tribulus terrestris L. (Zygophyllaceae)
• Field bindweed: Convolvulus arvensis L. (Convolvulaceae)
• Common cocklebur: Xanthium strumarium L. (Asteraceae)
• Spurge: Euphorbia hirta L. (Euphorbiaceae)
• Carrot grass: Parthenium hysterophorus L. (Asteraceae)

• Bermuda grass: Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., (Poaceae)
• Annual brachiaria: Brachiaria defl exa (Schumach.) Robyns (Poaceae)
• Viper grass: Dinebra retrofl exa (Vahl.) Panzer. (Poaceae)

• Purple nut sedge: Cyperus rotundus L., (Cyperaceae)
• Flat sedge: Cyperus iria L. (Cyperaceae)

Pests of Regional Significance

Insect and mite pests

• Citrus blackfly : Aleurocanthus woglumi (Ashby) (Hemiptera: Aleurocanthus) (Punjab, Maharashtra, Karnataka, West Bengal and Madhya Pradesh)
• Root grub: Holotrichia spp. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)
• Soft scale: Coccus hesperidium (Handlirsch) (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) (South India).
• Armoured scale: Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) (Meghalaya, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra,West Bengal and Karnataka)
• Stem borer: Chloridolum alcmene (Guenee) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (Tamil Nadu)
• Mites: Eutetranychus orientalis (Klein) (Prostigmata: Tetranychidae) (Meghalaya, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana, Karnataka, Delhi, Jammu & Kashmir)
• Thrips: Scirtothrips citri (Shull) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) (Jammu & Kashmir)

Diseases

• Powdery mildew: Oidium citri (Link) (Uttar Pradesh)
• Sapling wilt: Fusarium solani (W.C. Snyder & H. N. Hansen)
• Blue mould rot: Penicillium italicum (Wehmer)(Tamil Nadu, Haryana, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh)
• Green mould rot: Penicillium digitatum (Pers & Sacc) (Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh)
• Sour rot: Geotrichium candidum (Link) (Maharashtra, Himachal Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh)

IPM for Citrus

To know the IPM practices for Citrus, click here.

Source: NIPHM and Directorate of Plant Protection, Quarantine & Storage