Lablab Crop Stage Wise IPM

Pre-sowing

Common cultural practices:

• Deep summer ploughing and solarization of soil
• Timely sowing should be done.
• Field sanitation, rogueing
• Destroy the alternate host plants
• Apply manures and fertilizers as per soil test recommendations
• Use resistant varieties
• Use disease-free certified seeds
• Crop rotation with non-leguminous crops especially cereals.
• Avoid dense sowing
• Soil amendment with farm yard manure @ 5 tonnes/acre

• Before sowing, circular pits of 0.5 m cube are dug during summer.
• Apply well decomposed FYM @ 10-15 Kg per pit

• At the time of field preparation, adopt stale seed bed technique i.e. pre-sowing irrigation followed by shallow tillage to minimize the weeds menace in field.

Cultural control:

• Follow optimum sowing depth of 5-7 cm.
• Intercropping with mustard and American marigold where nematodes are a problem
• Besides this American marigold also act as trap crop for Helicoverpa armigera.
• Application of FYM/Neem cake or Mahua cake @ 200 Kg/acre.

Chemical control:

• Spray chlorpyrifos 20% EC@ 1200ml diluted in 200-400 l of water/acre.(Pod borer)

Sowing/ seedling

Common cultural practices:

• Timely and line sowing should be done
• Use healthy, certified and weed free seeds.
• Sow with proper spacing

• Seed treatment should be done with Rhizobium cultures @ 250 g/acre.
• At the time of sowing apply phosphatic fertilizers @ 30 g per pit.
• In sulphur and zinc deficient areas, apply sulphur and zinc sulphates as per soil test recommendation in soil at the time of sowing.
• Grow sorghum or bajra as intercrop.

• Line sowing should be done to facilitate inter-culture operations.
• Plant population should be maintained by gap filling to achieve the optimum plant population and minimize the competition from weed.

Cultural control:

• Mulching with straw/pine needles/eucalyptus leaves.

Mechanical control:

• Rougeing of BMV infected plants

Vegetative stage

Common cultural practices:

• Provide irrigation at critical stages of the crop
• Avoid water stress and water stagnation conditions.
• Enhance parasitic activity by avoiding chemical spray, when larval parasitoids are observed

Common mechanical practices:

• Collection and destruction of eggs, and larvae
• Collect and destroy diseased infected and insect infested plant parts
• Use yellow sticky traps for aphids @ 4-5 traps/acre.
• Use light trap @ 1/acre and operate between 6 pm and 10 pm
• Install pheromone traps @ 4-5/acre for monitoring adult moths activity (replace the lures with fresh lures after every 2-3 weeks)
• Erecting of bird perches @ 20/acre for encouraging predatory birds such as King crow, common mynah etc.
• Set up bonfire during evening hours at 7-8 pm

Common biological practices:

• Conserve natural enemies through ecological engineering
• Augmentative release of natural enemies

• Correct micronutrient deficiency if any in standing crop

• Beans suffer severe competition from weeds in initial stages. First 20-30 days after planting is the critical period for crop weed competition. Hand tool weeding at 25 days after sowing is beneficial.

Cultural control:

• Regular field monitoring and use sweep net in the morning hours for monitoring of pest and defender population, barrier crops like mustard crop around the field.
• Attractant plants like sunflower are helpful for attraction of predator.
• Plant tall border crops like maize, sorghum or millet to reduce pest population.

• Set up yellow sticky traps @4-5 traps/acre
• Pruning of affected plant parts
• Use of reflective mulches
• Spray with a strong jet of water to knock aphids from leaves.

Biological control:

• Conserve predators such as ladybird beetles viz., Cocciniella septumpunctata, Menochilus sexmaculata, Hippodamia variegata , Brumus suturalis and Cheilomones vicina etc. Adult beetle feed @10 to15 adults/day.
• Conserve predators such as syrphid flies i.e., Sphaerophoria spp., Eristallis spp., Metasyrphis spp., Xanthogramma spp and Syrphus spp. etc.
• Conserve predators such as lacewing, Chrysoperla zastrowii sillemi etc.
• Spraying of Lecanicillium (Verticilium) lecanii @ 5 g/litre of water
• Spray insecticidal soaps or oils such as neem or canola oil

Cultural control:

• Frequent irrigation during summer season reduces the mite infestation
• Apart from aforesaid practices, regular monitoring is also mandatory for mites

Biological control:

• Conserve predators such as Chrysoperla zastrowii sillemi, anthocorid bug, predatory mite (Amblyseius fallacis), coccinellid (Stethorus punctum) etc

Cultural practices:

• All the infected plants should be removed carefully and destroyed.

Cultural control:

• Avoid irrigation at flowering stage when the probability of symptom appearance is maximum

Cultural control:

• See the common cultural practices as in vegetative stage

Chemical control:

• Spray benomyl 50 % WP @ 80gm diluted in 240 l of water/acre. Or
• Spray carbendazim 50%WP @ 140gm diluted in 300 l of water/acre. Or
• Spray sulphur 40% WP @ 2.26-3 kg diluted in 300-400 l of water/acre. Or
• Spray sulphur 85% DP @ 6-8 kg /acre.

Cultural control:

• See the common cultural practices as in vegetative stage

Cultural control:

• Balanced use of FYM and fertilizers.
• Planting in well drained soil.

Mechanical control:

• Mulching with pine needles or eucalyptus leaves reduces the angular leaf spot.

Chemical control:

• Spray benomyl 50 % WP @ 80gm diluted in 240 l of water/acre (Anthracnose)  Spray lime Sulphur 22% SC @ 1% 0.8-2 l /acre (Rust)

Flowering stage

• Top dress plants with 100 g of Di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) in each pit at the time of flowering, mixed well in soil and then irrigate.
• Incorporate healthy crop residues in soil immediately after harvest

• Remove left over weeds before shedding of seeds to prevent their spread.

• As mentioned in the vegetative stage

• As mentioned in the vegetative stage

Cultural control:

• Growing intercrops such as onion, maize, coriander in 1:2 ratio, Guard crop sorghum or maize in 4 rows all around main crop
• Rotate the crop with a non-host cereal crop, cucurbit, or cruciferous vegetable.

Mechanical control:

• Use of ovipositional trap crops such as marigold for Helicoverpa.
• Pheromone trap @ 4-5 traps/ acre for Helicoverpa
• Erecting of bird perches @ 20/acre

Biological control:

• Grow repellant plant(s): Basil
• Attractant plants: Carrot family, Sunflower family, Buck wheat, hairy vetch, alfalfa, corn, shrubs (Minute pirate bug and Lace wing)
• Nectar rich plants with small flowers i.e anise, caraway, dill, parsley, mustard, Sun flower, hairy vetch, buck wheat and cowpea (Braconid wasp)
• Release of egg parasitoid, Trichogramma chilonis

• As mentioned above in the vegetative stage

• As mentioned above in the vegetative stage

• As mentioned above in the vegetative stage

Fruiting stage

• As mentioned above in the vegetative stage

• As mentioned above in the vegetative stage