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Management
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Activity
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Pre-sowing
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Common cultural practices:
- Timely planting should be done.
- Field sanitation, rogueing
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Nutrients
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- Nutrients should be applied on the basis of soil test report and recommendation for particular agro climatic zone.
- For production of stolons, select fertile soil with high organic matter content.
- Apply farmyard manure @ 4 to 5 tons per acre in the last ploughing and incorporate in the soil 2 to 3 weeks before sowing.
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Weeds
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- Summer ploughing should be done before planting.
- The rotation of mint crop with other crops should be followed. The best rotations are;
- Mint: Rice, Mint: Potatoes and Mint: Vegetables : Peas etc. depending upon cropping system followed in the region.
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Soil-borne pathogens, and resting stages of insects
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- Deep summer ploughing is helpful for minimizing soil borne pathogen and resting stages of insect pests by exposing them to unfavorable environmental conditions and predation by predators.
- Avoid water logging conditions.
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Sowing / planting
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Common cultural practices:
- Use resistant varieties/disease free propagation material.
- Practice field sanitation.
- Timely sowing/planting
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Nutrients
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- Apply fertilizers as per soil test recommendations
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Weeds
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- Adopt stale seed bed in which field is irrigated and allow the weed seeds to germinate. The field is ploughed immediately before sowing to destroy the germinated weeds.
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Vegetative stage
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Common cultural practices:
- Keep the field clean and healthy
- Remove and destroy alternate wild hosts and weeds
- Removal of weeds and infected young leaves for the control of powdery mildew.
Common mechanical practices:
- Remove the affected plant parts.
- Set up light trap@1trap/acre.
- Collect and destroy egg mass and larvae.
- Use yellow sticky traps @ 8-10/acre
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Nutrients
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- Apply 20 kg of nitrogen per acre as top dressing twice after each harvest at 30 and 60 days after planting.
- Based on soil test report, micro nutrient deficiency should be corrected by foliar spray of particular nutrient.
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Weeds
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- The crop requires intensive weeding during initial stage of the crop.
- Weeding with hand or mechanical hoes within the first six weeks of planting is required to control weeds at an interval of two to three weeks, after the first weeding.
- Adopt integrated weed management approach.
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Cutworm/Tobacco caterpillar
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Mechanical control:
- Installation of light traps.
Biological control:
- Conservation and augmentation of natural predators like coccinellids, Chrysoperla, spiders, dragonflies should be followed.
- Augmentation of biocontrol agents like Trichogramma brasiliensis, T. chilonis and T. pretiosum should be carried out.
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Aphids
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Cultural control:
- Sowing of border crops like maize, sorghum or millet to reduce pest population and encourage natural enemies
Biological control:
- Conservation and augmentation of predators such as syrphid fly, lacewing, ladybird beetle, praying mantis, minute pirate bug, damselfly, predatory thrips, and parasitoids, braconid wasp, Aphidius spp
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Mealy bug
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Cultural control:
- Remove and destroy all the infested plant parts to prevent further spread of pests.
- Deep summer ploughing to expose soil inhabiting or resting stage of insect pests.
Biological control:
- Conservation and augmentation of predators such as ladybird beetle, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri, chrysopids, different species of parasitic wasps and predatory mites should be adopted.
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Flea beetle
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Cultural control:
- Remove the weeds
- Follow crop rotation
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Red pumpkin beetle
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Cultural control:
- Deep summer ploughing.
- Follow crop rotation with non-host crops.
- Destroy the weeds growing in the field.
Biological control:
- Conservation and augmentation of predators such as assassin bug (Rhynocoris fuscipes) and parasitoids like Gregarina crenata should be followed.
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Hairy caterpillar
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Mechanical control
- Collection and destruction of egg masses, skeletonized leaves along with first and second instar gregarious larvae.
Biological control:
- Conserve parasitoid such as Meteorus arctiicida
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Two spotted mite
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Cultural control:
- Observe the plants weekly for signs of mite damage, which first appears as flecks and stipples on the leaves. Collect leaf samples and examine the lower surface for all stages of mites.
Biological control
- Conserve predatory mites like Amblyseius, Metaseiulus, and Phytoseiulus; the minute pirate bugs, Orius, Leptothrips; Chrysopa, Cheilomenes sexmaculatus, and Stethorus.
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Mint rust
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Mechanical control:
- In an infected bed, try to locate any uninfected stems and carefully dig these out and move to another location in an attempt to start a new, healthy nursery.
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Verticillium wilt
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Cultural control:
- Applying optimal rates of nitrogen and enhanced dose of potash reduces the severity of Verticillium wilt.
- Limiting the amount of water applied to the field can reduce severity of the disease
- Follow crop rotation.
Biological control:
- Use bioagents like Trichoderma sp. as per CIBRC recommendations
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Powdery mildew
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Cultural control:
- Maintain proper row spacing
- Use resistant or tolerant varieties.
- Improve air circulation by thinningto reduce the disease severity.
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Black Stem Rot
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Cultural control:
- Use certified planting material to reduce the introduction and spread of black stem rot.
- Avoid transportation of contaminated planting materials
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Stem and stolon canker
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- Follow the common cultural, mechanical and biological practices
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Septoria leaf spot
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Cultural control:
- Use clean and certified planting materials
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Ramularia leaf spot
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Follow the common cultural, mechanical and biological practices
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Leaf blight
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Follow the common cultural, mechanical and biological practices
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Anthracnose
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Cultural control: · Use resistant plants or healthy plant materials.
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