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Elephant reserves in India

Elephant reserves in India

Elephant ( Elephas maximus) is the largest terrestrial mammal of India . Elephant being wide ranging animal requires large areas.  The requirement of food and water for elephants are very high and therefore their population can be supported only by forests that are under optimal conditions. The status of elephant can be the best indicator of the status of the forests.

Distribution of Elephants

Asian elephants were believed to be widely distributed - from Tigris - Euphrates in West Asia eastward through Persia into the Indian sub-continent, South and Southeast Asia including Sri Lanka, Java, Sumatra, Borneo and up to North China. However currently they are confined to Indian Subcontinent, South East Asia and some Asian Islands - Sri Lanka, Indonesia and Malaysia. About 60% of the Asian elephant population is in India.

Old literatures indicate that even during the Moghul period, elephants were found all over India including many part of Central India like Marwar, Chanderi, Satwas, Bijagarh and Panna. However current distribution of wild elephant in India is confined to South India; North East including North West Bengal; Central Indian states of Odisha, South WB and Jharkhand; and North West India in Uttarakahnd and UP.

Elephant reserves in India

There are 30 notified Elephant Reserves (ERs) in the country spread over 15 states. Baitami (Odisha) and Lemru (Chhattisgarh) are other ERs which are yet to be notified by the state governments.

Sl.

No

Elephant Range

Elephant Reserve with date of notification

State

Total Area

(Sq.  Km)

I

Eastern India

(South West Bengal- Jharkhand-Odisha)

1. Mayurjharna ER(24.10.02)

W. Bengal

414

2. Singhbhum ER  (26.9.01)

Jharkhand

4530

3. Mayurbhanj ER (29.9.01)

Odisha

3214

4. Mahanadi ER (20.7.02)

Odisha

1038

5. Sambalpur ER (27.3.02)

Odisha

427

6. Badalkhol-Tamorpingla

(15.9.2011)

Chhattisgarh

1048.30

II

North Brahamputra

(Arunachal – Assam)

7. Kameng ER (19.6.02)

Arunachal

1892

8. Sonitpur ER (6.3.03)

Assam

1420

III

South Brahamputra

(Assam- Arunachal)

9. Dihing-Patkai ER (17.4.03)

Assam

937

10. South Arunachal ER (29.2.08)

Arunachal

1957.50

IV

Kaziranga

(Assam- Nagaland)

11. Kaziranga – Karbi Anglong ER (17.4.03)

Assam

3270

12.  Dhansiri-Lungding ER (19.4.03)

Assam

2740

13. Intanki ER (28.2.05)

Nagaland

202

14. Singphan ER (16.8.18)

Nagaland

23.57

V

Eastern Dooars

(Assam- W. Bengal)

15. Chirang-Ripu ER (7.3.03)

Assam

2600

16. Eastern Dooars ER (28.8.02)

W. Bengal

978

VI

E. Himalayas (Meghalaya)

17. Garo Hills ER (31.10.01)

Meghalaya

3,500

VII

Nilgiri –Eastern Ghat

(Karnataka- Kerala- Tamilnadu-Andhra)

18. Mysore ER (25.11.02)

Karnataka

6724

19. Dandeli ER (26.3.15 Karnataka

20. Wayanad ER (2.4.02)

Kerala

1200

21. Nilgiri ER (19.9.03)

Tamil nadu

4663

22. Rayala ER (9.12.03)

Andhra

766

VIII

South Nilgiri

(Kerala- Tamilnadu)

23. Nilambur ER (2.4.02)

Kerala

1419

24. Coimbatore ER (19.9.03)

Tamilnadu

566

IX

Western Ghat

(Tamilnadu- Kerala)

25. Anamalai ER (19.9.03)

Tamilnadu

1457

26. Anamudi ER (2.4.02)

Kerala

3728

X

Periyar

(Kerala- Tamilnadu)

27. Periyar (2.4.02)

Kerala

3742

28. Srivilliputtur ER(19.9.03)

Tamilnadu

1249

XI

Northern India (Uttaranchal-U.P.)

29. Shivalik ER (28.10.02)

Uttaranchal

5405

30. Uttar Pradesh ER        (9.9.09)

U.P.

744

Source : Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change

Last Modified : 7/1/2021



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